Chapter 8
Watermarks and Stamps

cpdf ([-add-text <text-format> | -add-rectangle <size>])
      [-font <fontname>]          [-font-size <size-in-points>]
      [-load-ttf <name>=<file>]   [-embed-std14]
      [-color <color>]            [-line-spacing <number>]
      [-outline]                  [-linewidth <number>]
      [-underneath]               [-relative-to-cropbox]
      [-prerotate]                [-no-warn-rotate]
      [-bates <number>]           [-bates-at-range <number>]
      [-bates-pad-to <number>]    [-opacity <number>]
      [-midline]                  [-topline]
      [-fast]
      in.pdf [<range>] -o out.pdf

8.1 Add a Watermark or Logo

The -stamp-on and -stamp-under operations stamp the first page of a source PDF onto or under each page in the given range of the input file. For example,

stamps the file logo.pdf onto the odd pages of in.pdf, writing to out.pdf. A watermark should go underneath each page:

The position commands in Section 8.2.4 can be used to locate the stamp more precisely (they are calculated relative to the crop box of the stamp). Or, preprocess the stamp with -shift first.

The -scale-stamp-to-fit option can be added to scale the stamp to fit the page before applying it. The use of positioning commands together with -scale-stamp-to-fit is not recommended.

The -combine-pages operation takes two PDF files and stamps each page of one over each page of the other. The length of the output is the same as the length of the “under” file. For instance:

Page attributes (such as the display rotation) are taken from the “under” file. For best results, remove any rotation differences in the two files using -upright first, or by adding -prerotate to the command.

The -relative-to-cropbox option takes the positioning command to be relative to the crop box of each page rather than the media box.

8.2 Stamp Text, Dates and Times.

The -add-text operation allows text, dates and times to be stamped over one or more pages of the input at a given position and using a given font, font size and color.

The default is black 12pt Times New Roman text in the top left of each page. The text can be placed underneath rather than over the page by adding the -underneath option.

Text previously added by Cpdf may be removed by the -remove-text operation.

8.2.1 Page Numbers and other Special Codes

There are various special codes to include the page number in the text:

For example, the format "Page %Page of %EndPage" might become ”Page 5 of 17”.

NB: In some circumstances (e.g in batch files) on Microsoft Windows, % is a special character, and must be escaped (written as %%). Consult your local documentation for details.

Bookmark text refers to the first bookmark of the given level on the stamped page or, if none, the last bookmark text of that level before that page, so long as uninterrupted by a bookmark of lower level. In other words, these specials are suitable for adding running heads to a document.

8.2.2 Date and Time Formats

8.2.3 Bates Numbers

Unique page identifiers can be specified by putting %Bates in the format. The starting point can be set with the -bates option. For example:

To specify that bates numbering begins at the first page of the range, use -bates-at-range instead. This option must be specified after the range is specified. To pad the bates number up to a given number of leading zeros, use -bates-pad-to in addition to either -bates or -bates-at-range.

8.2.4 Position

The position of the text may be specified in absolute terms:

Position may be set relative to certain common points:

No attempt is made to take account of the page rotation when interpreting the position, so -prerotate may be added to the command line if the file contains pages with a non-zero viewing rotation (to silence the rotation warning, add -no-warn-rotate instead) This is equivalent to pre-processing the document with -upright (see chapter 3).

The -relative-to-cropbox modifier can be added to the command line to make these measurements relative to the crop box instead of the media box. The -midline option may be added to specify that the positioning commands above are to be considered relative to the midline of the text, rather than its baseline. Similarly, the -topline option may be used to specify that the position is taken relative to the top of the text.

8.2.5 Font and Size

The standard PDF fonts may be set with the -font option. They are:

For example, page numbers in Times Italic can be achieved by:

The font size can be altered with the -font-size option, which specifies the size in points:

Adding -embed-std14 <directory>, given a directory holding the URW Base35 free fonts, will embed subsetted font files in the PDF for any of the Standard fonts used. These free fonts may be downloaded from https://github.com/ArtifexSoftware/urw-base35-fonts. This is important, for example, for PDF/A documents, which must have their fonts embedded.

The standard fonts cover only the Latin characters, and are limiting. Other TrueType fonts may be introduced with the -load-ttf option, giving a name for, and the file name of the font. For example:

Here we have used the Noto Sans font from Google. This and other Google fonts contain characters for a huge number of scripts, and are available free from https://fonts.google.com/noto/. But you may use any TrueType font.

See Section 14.3 for how to use an existing font from the source document.

8.2.6 Colors

The -color option takes an RGB (3 values), CMYK (4 values), or Grey (1 value) color. Components range between 0 and 1. All the standard web colours https://www.w3.org/wiki/CSS/Properties/color/keywords are provided as RGB components, and may be selected by name.

Partly-transparent text may be specified using the -opacity option. Wholly opaque is 1 and wholly transparent is 0. For example:

8.2.7 Outline Text

The -outline option sets outline text. The line width (default 1pt) may be set with the -linewidth option. For example, to stamp documents as drafts:

8.2.8 Multi-line Text

The code \n can be included in the text string to move to the next line. In this case, the vertical position refers to the baseline of the first line of text (if the position is at the top, top left or top right of the page) or the baseline of the last line of text (if the position is at the bottom, bottom left or bottom right).

cpdf -add-text "Specification\n%Page of %EndPage"
     -topright 10 in.pdf -o out.pdf

The -midline option may be used to make these vertical positions relative to the midline of a line of text rather than the baseline, as usual.

The -line-spacing option can be used to increase or decrease the line spacing, where a spacing of 1 is the standard.

cpdf -add-text "Specification\n%Page of %EndPage"
     -topright 10 -line-spacing 1.5 in.pdf -o out.pdf

Justification of multiple lines is handled by the -justify-left, -justify-right and -justify-center options. The defaults are left justification for positions relative to the left hand side of the page, right justification for those relative to the right, and center justification for positions relative to the center of the page. For example:

cpdf -add-text "Long line\nShort" -justify-right in.pdf -o out.pdf

8.2.9 Special Characters

If your command line allows for the inclusion of unicode characters, the input text will be considered as UTF8 by Cpdf. Special characters which exist in the PDF WinAnsiEncoding Latin 1 code (such as many accented characters) will be reproduced in the PDF. This does not mean, however, that every special character can be reproduced – it must exist in the font. When using a custom font, Cpdf will attempt to convert from UTF8 to the encoding of that font automatically.

(For compatibility with previous versions of cpdf, special characters may be introduced manually with a backslash followed by the three-digit octal code of the character in the PDF WinAnsiEncoding Latin 1 Code. The full table is included in Appendix D of the Adobe PDF Reference Manual, which is available at https://wwwimages2.adobe.com/content/dam/acom/en/devnet/pdf/pdfs/PDF32000_2008.pdf. For example, a German sharp s (ß) may be introduced by \337. This functionality was withdrawn as of version 2.6)

8.3 Stamping Rectangles

A rectangle may be placed on one or more pages by using the -add-rectangle <size> command. Most of the options discussed above for text placement apply in the same way. For example:

cpdf -add-rectangle "200 300" -pos-right 30 -color red -outline
                    in.pdf -o out.pdf

This can be used to blank out or highlight part of the document. The following positioning options work as you would expect: -topleft, -top, -topright, -right, -bottomright, -bottom, -bottomleft, -left, -center. When using the option -pos-left "x y", the point (x, y) refers to the bottom-left of the rectangle. When using the option -pos-right "x y", the point (x, y) refers to the bottom-right of the rectangle. When using the option -pos-center "x y", the point (x, y) refers to the center of the rectangle. The options -diagonal and -reverse-diagonal have no meaning.

8.4 Low-level facilities

These two operations add content directly to the beginning or end of the page data for a page. You must understand the PDF page description language to use these.

The -fast option may be added (see Chapter 1). The -stamp-as-xobject operation puts a file in another as a Form XObject on the given pages. You can then use -prepend-content or -postpend-content to use it.